\y 


THE 

LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 


No.  3.— JULY,  1883. 


V. 

MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED  MINISTERS.* 

I. 

CHARLES  PORTERFIELD  KRAUTH. 

The  ancestors  of  Dr.  Charles  Porterfield  Krauth,  on  his 
father's  side,  were  of  German  descent.  His  grandfather, 
Charles  [.  Krauth,  came  to  this  country  as  a  young  man 
before  the  close  of  the  last  century,  and  became  teacher 
and  organist  in  the  service  of  the  German  Reformed 
Church.  He  was  married  to  Catharine  Doll,  a  Lutheran. 
When  residing  in  Montgomery  Co.,  Pa.,  their  son  Charles 
Philip  was  born,  May  7,  1797.  The  parents  afterward  re- 
moved, first  to  York,  then  to  Baltimore,  then  to  Lynch- 
burg, Ya.,  where  both  died,  the  father  in  182 1,  the  mother 
in  [823.  The  son,  Charles  Philip,  at  first  studied  medicine, 
but  afterwards  entered  the  ministry,  having  been  licensed 
by  the  Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania  at  Baltimore  in  1819. 
His  first  charge  was  at  Martinsburg,  Ya.,  having  the  care 
also  of  Shepherdstown.  While  resident  at  Martinsburg, 
he  was  married,  Dec,  1820,  to  Catharine  Susan  Heiskell  ot 
Staunton,  Ya.,  a  lady  of  English  descent,  whose  family 
were  persons  of  culture  and  prominence  in  Augusta  Co. 
There  ware  two  children  of  this  marriage,  Julia  Heiskell, 
who  became  the  wife  of  Rev.  0,  A.  Kinsolving,  an  Kpisco- 

pal  clergyman,  and  Charles   Porterfield. 

Charles   Porterfield  Krauth  was  born  March  17,  1823,  at 

•  I'.v  pedal  arrangement  with  the  Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania, the  obitu- 
ary vketchet  presented  at  it-,  late  meeting  at  Nbrristown  will  appear  in  the 

254 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED    MINISTERS.  255 

Martinsburg,  the  county  seat  of  Berkeley  Co.,  Virginia. 
His  mother  died  in  Jan.,  1824,  and  he  was  taken  to  her 
home  at  Staunton  by  Mrs.  Heiskell,  his  grandmother,  and 
remained  with  her  until  after  his  father  became  pastor  of 
St.  Matthew's  Church  in  Philadelphia  in  1827.  He  was 
brought  to  Philadelphia,  and  was  there  in  care  of  relatives 
of  his  father's  mother,  who  bore  her  name,  Doll.  At  the 
opening  of  the  school  year  on  the  third  Thursday  of  Octo- 
ber, 1 83 1,  being  then  in  his  ninth  year,  he  was  sent  to  Get- 
tysburg, Pa.,  to  enter  as  a  student  in  the  Gettysburg  Gym- 
nasium, in  which  he  remained  for  three  years.  The  teachers 
in  the  Gymnasium  at  that  time  were  Rev.  Henry  L. 
Baugher,  in  charge  of  the  Classical  department,  Michael 
Jacobs,  of  the  Mathematical  and  Scientific,  and  Dr.  Ernest 
L.  Hazelius  gave  instruction  in  Latin  and  German  ;  three 
more  admirable  teachers  it  would  be  difficult  to  find  in  any 
Institution.  In  the  fall  of  1832  the  Gymnasium  was 
erected  into  Penna.  College,  and  Mr.  Ernst  T.  H.  Friederici 
became  Principal  of  the  Preparatory  Department,  though 
the  former  Instructors,  now  become  Professors  in  the  Col- 
lege, continued  as  teachers.  In  October,  1833,  William 
M.  Reynolds  became  Principal,  and  Ezra  Keller  assistant 
teacher.  These  were  the  teachers  of  Charles  P.  Krauth 
before  his  entrance  into  College.  Except  Mr.  Friederici, 
all  of  them  became  very  eminent  as  teachers,  and  three  of 
them  were  afterward  Presidents  of  Colleges.  He  was  a 
pupil  of  much  promise,  and  he  had  admirable  teachers. 

In  1834  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  Philip  Krauth  became  first 
President  of  Pennsylvania  College,  and  entered  on  his  du- 
ties in  October.  At  the  same  time  his  son  entered  the 
Freshman  Class  of  the  College,  going  over  its  studies  two 
years  in  succession,  because  of  his  extreme  youth.  From 
1834  until  1839  he  pursued  the  usual  college  course  of 
study.     His  teachers,  in  that  period,  were  Drs.  C.  P.  Krauth, 


256  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

H.  L.  Baugher,  M.  Jacobs,  Wm.  M.  Reynolds,  throughout 
the  whole  time,  and  Rev.  J.  H.  Marsden,  1834-5,  Herman 
Haupt,  1837-9,  l^r-  H.  I.  Schmidt,  1838-9,  and  David  Gil- 
bert, M.  D.,  1837-9.  He  was  graduated  in  September,  1839, 
with  a  class  of  fourteen  members.  He  was  proposed  as  a 
member  of  the  Philomathaean  Society,  Nov.  18,  1831,  and 
elected  Nov.  25.  Whether  he  began  the  study  of  German 
under  Dr.  Hazelius  or  under  Dr.  H.  I.  Schmidt,  I  do  not 
know;  but  I  know  that  through  life  he  honored  and  re- 
vered them  both,  indeed  toward  all  his  teachers  he  ever 
kept  warm  his  affection  and  regard.  Under  the  instruction 
of  Mr.  Marsden,  he  began  the  study  of  botany,  which 
through  life  was  a  delight  to  him. 

In  October,  1839,  he  entered  the  Theological  Seminary 
at  Gettysburg,  where  Drs.  S.  S.  Schmucker,  C.  P.  Krauth 
and  H.  I.  Schmidt  were  the  Professors.  At  the  close  of 
the  two  years'  course  then  provided,  he  was  graduated  at 
the  Seminary,  September,  1841,  made  M.A.  by  the  College, 
and  was  licensed  to  preach  by  the  Synod  of  Maryland  at 
Hagerstown,  Oct.  16,  1841,  being  then  nineteen  years  and 
six  months  old. 

When  President  Krauth  removed  to  Gettysburg,  he  was 
married  to  Miss  Harriet  Brown,  a  resident  of  that  place, 
and  a  home  was  again  formed,  in  which  the  son  found 
kindliest  care.  For  some  time  before  the  completion  of 
the  College  building,  Dr.  Krauth  lived  on  Baltimore  Street, 
but  afterward  resided  in  the  College  building,  until  he  re- 
linquished the  Presidency.  The  tender  kindness  and  many 
admirable  excellencies  of  Mrs.  Krauth  won  an  affectionate 
rd  from  the  .son,  which  was  undisturbed  to  the  close  of 
his  life. 

When  a  student  at  College,  Charles  P.  Krauth  was  known 
to  all  to  possess  brilliant  and  versatile  talents,  and  high 
hopes  were  entertained  of  the  future  years  of  his  life.      We 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED   MINISTERS. 


257 


do  not  know  that  he  was  unusually  diligent  in  pursuing 
the  routine  course  of  study,  and  he  received  neither  of  the 
honors  of  his  class  at  graduation ;  much  of  his  time  and 
thought  were  occupied  in  ranging  through  the  wide  domain 
of  literature.  Dr.  Bittinger  has  drawn  a  vivid  picture  of 
him  in  his  college  years;  unfortunately  Mr.  Bittinger  en- 
tered the  preparatory  department  in  the  same  year  in  which 
Mr.  Krauth  was  graduated. 

When  Mr.  Krauth  left  the  Seminary  and  entered  the 
ministry,  we  have  no  reason  to  believe  that  his  theological 
views  were  any  other  than  those  then  entertained  by  his 
Professors,  and  prevalent  in  the  Institutions  at  Gettysburg. 
Of  the  stricter  Lutheran  confessional  position  of  later  years, 
we  do  not  know  that  there  was  then  even  a  beginning. 

In  the  fall  of  1 841  Mr.  Krauth  took  charge  of  a  mission 
at  Canton,  a  southeast  suburb  of  Baltimore,  where  he  re- 
mained but  a  year,  when  he  was  elected  pastor  of  the  Sec- 
ond English  Lutheran  Church  on  Lombard  St.,  Baltimore, 
and  was  installed  Sept.  23,  1843.  During  the  four  years  of 
his  pastorate  in  this  church  he  attained  a  brilliant  reputa- 
tion as  a  preacher.  His  imagination  was  capable  of  lofty 
and  sustained  flights,  his  literary  taste  and  culture  were 
exquisite,  his  dramatic  powers  were  of  a  high  order,  his 
mind  in  all  its  faculties  was  intensely  active  and  quick  in 
its  movements,  and  these  qualifications  of  intellect  and  cul- 
ture were  enkindled,  controlled  and  used  by  fervent  devo- 
tion to  the  spiritual  work  of  his  office.  Sincere  spiritual 
earnestness  was  so  transparently  evident  that  no  doubt  of 
it  was  raised.  Large  crowds  gathered  in  attendance  on  the 
services  of  the  church.  But  the  erection  of  the  church 
where  it  stood  was  premature,  the  burden  of  its  debt  was 
crushing,  it  was  doomed  to  a  severe  struggle  for  many 
years,  and  Mr.  Krauth  resigned  June  2,  1847.  His  first 
publication  was  the  farewell  discourse   on  the   Benefits  of 


258  THE    LUTHERAN   CHURCH    REVIEW. 

the  Pastoral  Office  preached  on  leaving  Baltimore,  though 
he  wrote  a  number  of  articles  for  the  Observer  during  the 
absence  in  Europe  of  Dr.  Kurtz  in  1846.  During  these 
years  his  preparation  for  the  pulpit  was  made  with  extreme 
care.  He  made  an  exhaustive  study  of  Chrysostom  as  a 
preacher,  and  began  with  him  the  series  of  diligent  and 
critical  examinations  of  the  works  of  the  Fathers,  Reformers 
and  theologians,  which  were  so  great  a  delight  to  himself 
and  so  rich  in  results  to  the  church. 

While  at  Baltimore,  he  was  married,  Nov.  12,  1844,  to 
Susan  Reynolds,  daughter  of  Isaac  Reynolds  and  Mary 
Margaret  Hoffman,  with  whom  his  marriage  was  a  source 
of  happiness  unbroken  until  disturbed  by  the  insidious 
steps  of  the  disease  which  so  soon  removed  her. 

In  June,  1847,  Mr  Krauth  became  pastor  of  the  church 
at  Shepherdstown,  Jefferson  Co.,  Va.,  as  successor  to  Rev. 
Joseph  A.  Seiss,  who  had  removed  to  Cumberland,  Md. 
In  the  November  following,  upon  the  resignation  of  Rev. 
John  Winters,  he  was  also  elected  at  Martinsburg,  and 
thus  had  the  entire  charge  occupied  by  his  father  at  the 
time  of  his  own  birth.  The  two  towns  were  ten  miles 
apart,  and  services  were  held  on  alternate  Sundays,  the 
journey  between  them  being  made  on  horseback.  The  cir- 
cumstances of  his  life  and  labor  here  are  very  familiar  to 
me  as  I  succeeded  him  in  the  pastorate,  and  was  witness  of 
the  universal  affection  and  admiration  felt  for  him  by  the 
whole  community.  The  charge  was  widely  scattered,  and 
its  care  attended  with  much  waste  of  time,  the  salary  was 
not  extravagantly  large,  and  Mr.  Krauth  accepted  a  call 
and  removed  t<>  Winchester,  Va.,  in  March  or  April,  1S4S, 
where  the  church  was  made;  vacant  by  the  election  of   Rev. 

1  1     lVw  Smith  as  Professor  at  Auburn  Theological  Semi- 
nar}- of  tin-  Presbyterian  Church. 

At    Winchester  were   passed    some  years    which    I    think 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED   MINISTERS.  259 

were  the  happiest  of  his  life.  Those  years  stand  very  dis- 
tinctly present  to  my  memory;  we  were  near  neighbors, 
had  known  each  other  from  childhood,  and  had  even  inhe- 
rited friendship  from  our  fathers.  I  had  entered  my  first 
pastorate  as  his  successor  at  his  recommendation.  We  had 
a  standing  agreement  each  to  spend  a  week  with  the  other 
in  every  three  months,  our  correspondence  was  regular  and 
intimate,  I  was  under  infinite  obligations  to  him,  and 
formed  then  an  affection  which  endured  till  death,  and 
was  never  disturbed  by  one  word  or  deed  in  all  the  years 
since  then. 

The  life  within  the  household  had  even  an  idyllic  beauty 
and  sweetness,  was  then  and  ever  since  has  been,  in  my 
vision,  as  near  perfectness  as  even  the  Christian  household 
may  well  be  in  this  world.  The  relation  to  the  congrega- 
tion and  the  labor  within  it,  elevated  by  the  zeal,  devotion 
and  diligence  of  the  pastor,  and  brightened  and  made  happy 
by  the  appreciation,  love  and  care  of  the  congregation,  was 
full  of  peace  and  joy.  The  community  at  Winchester  con- 
tained an  unusually  large  proportion  of  persons  of  high 
intellectual  and  social  culture  and  refinement,  and  by  them 
all  Mr.  Krauth  was  greatly  admired  and  appreciated.  And 
his  own  intellectual  life  was  marked  by  incessant  activity; 
he  was  diligently  acquiring  in  one  sphere  after  another  the 
stores  of  accurate  knowledge  which  afterward  gave  him  so 
high  a  place  of  honor  among  scholars. 

There  was  at  that  time  a  delightful  usage  among  some 
neighboring  congregations  in  Virginia,  that  each  semi- 
annual administration  of  the  Lord's  Supper  should  be  pre- 
ceded by  evening  services  for  three  days,  in  which  another 
pastor  assisted,  remaining  over  Sunday,  often  closing  his 
own  church.  In  such  services  on  sundry  occasions  I  was 
united  with  him  in  his  charge  and  in  my  own.  On  one 
occasion,  that  of  the  re-opening  of  the  church  at  Winches- 


260  THE    LUTHERAN    CHURCH    REVIEW. 

ter,  the  services  continued  for  a  week,  Mr.  Seiss,  I  myself 
and  others  assisting ;  to  this  extent  protracted  meetings  for 
the  simple,  earnest  administration  of  the  Word  and  Sacra- 
ments were  held  in  Mr.  Krauth's  time. 

An  interesting  question  arises  as  to  the  time  at  which 
the  change  in  Mr.  Krauth's  theological  views  took  place, 
and  the  influences  by  which  it  was  caused.  I  cannot  defi- 
nitely answer  that  question.  During  his  stay  at  Baltimore 
I  had  no  other  intercourse  with  him  than  during  occasional 
meetings  at  Gettysburg.  But  in  1848  and  1849  and  the 
following  years,  when  I  was  admitted  to  a  very  near  inti- 
macy, when  one  subject  after  another  was  by  agreement 
studied  by  us  both,  when  we  compared  views  both  person- 
ally and  in  regular  correspondence,  when  the  whole  course 
and  results  of  his  studies  were  familiarly  open  to  me,  I  may 
safely  affirm  that  the  change  of  view  and  conviction  was 
substantially  complete.  Dr.  Bittinger  says  that  President 
Krauth  declared  his  belief  that  a  copy  of  the  Loci  of  Chem- 
nitz presented  by  him  to  his  son,  and  carefully  studied  by 
him,  was  the  starting  point  of  inquiries  and  examinations 
which  wrought  the  change.  It  may  very  well  be  that  that 
great  masterpiece  of  Lutheran  theology,  with  its  array  of 
scriptural  evidence  and  its  clear,  cogent  argument,  had 
great  power  with  so  philosophical  and  logical  a  mind  as 
that  of  Mr.  Krauth.  But  wherever  the  start  may  have  been 
made,  at  the  time  of  which  I  speak,  he  had  already  made 
himself  familiar  with  much  of  patristic  theology;  he  was 
engaged  in  following  the  course  of  thought  in  the  Church 
through  the  ages;  he  was  nearly  as  familiar  then  with  the 
very  phrases  and  statements  of  the  Hook  of  Concord  as  we 
have  all  known  him  to  be  in  these  later  wars;  he  was  then 
following     the   doctrinal    disputations    of  the    Reformation, 

gathering  in  his  library  the  special  literature  of  its  different 

periods,  and  subjecting  the  whole  to  a   most   thorough    <\- 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED    MINISTERS.  26 1 

amination,  and  the  result  at  each  successive  stage  of  the 
examination  was  to  confirm  and  deepen  the  conviction  that 
the  whole  truth  of  the  authoritative  Word  was  nowhere  set 
forth  with  such  clearness,  purity  and  fulness  as  in  the  col- 
lected Confessions  of  the  Lutheran  Church,  and  that  in  all 
their  doctrinal  teachings  they  were  in  conformity  with  that 
Word.  There  remained  still  some  incongruous  rubbish  of 
external  usage  and  observance,  perhaps  some  inharmonious 
views  and  feelings  of  weightier  moment,  to  be  cleared  away 
by  the  working  outward  of  inner  conviction;  wider  reach- 
ing and  fuller  knowledge  were  to  be  obtained  by  the  con- 
stant study  and  prayer  of  many  after  years;  but  the  ground 
on  which  he  stood  was  then  firm  and  remained  for  him 
unshaken  to  the  end  of  life.  How  thorough  his  study  of 
the  Confessions  at  that  time,  how  carefully  he  was  engaged 
in  tracing  the  history  of  their  preparation,  and  how  com 
pletely  his  convictions  were  in  accord  with  the  Confessions, 
may  be  clearly  seen  from  his  article  in  the  Evangelical  Re- 
view  for  October,  1849,  on  "The  Relation  of  our  Confes- 
sions to  the  Reformation." 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Synod  of  Virginia  soon  after  his 
removal  to  Winchester,  and  the  first  since  he  left  Baltimore, 
Mr.  Krauth  was  not  present,  being  prevented  by  the  illness 
unto  death  of  his  wife's  father.  He  was  received  into  the 
Synod  at  German  Settlement,  Preston  Co.,  May,  1849.  At 
that  meeting  the  translation  of  the  Pennsylvania  Synod's 
Liturgy  of  1842,  published  by  the  General  Synod  in  1847, 
was  presented  and  referred  to  a  committee  for  examination, 
of  which  committee  Mr.  Krauth  was  chairman;  they  recom- 
mended its  adoption  for  use,  but  at  their  suggestion  certain 
changes  in  it  were  to  be  proposed  to  the  General  Synod, 
and  the  delegates  to  the  meeting  at  Charleston  were  made 
the  committee  to  propose  them.  The  delegates  were  C.  P. 
Krauth  and  B.  M.  Schmucker,  who   carefully  considered 


252  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

those  changes;  and  although  the  subject  was  not  taken  up 
at  the  meeting  at  Charleston,  the  result  of  their  delibera- 
tions was  afterward  presented  to  the  Virginia  Synod  in  an 
elaborate  report.  It  is  interesting  to  see  in  how  far  the 
features  of  the  future  Church  Book  were  then  already  dis- 
tinctly before  the  minds  of  some  of  those  who  were  after- 
ward engaged  in  its  preparation.  They  propose  that  but 
one  Order  be  provided  for  each  service;  they  recommend 
the  older  forms;  they  ask  for  the  restoral  of  the  Epistles 
and  Gospels,  the  Apostles'  and  Nicene  Creeds,  and  the 
Lord's  Prayer  in  the  Sunday  Service;  that  the  Augsburg 
Confession  and  Catechism  be  included,  and  that  the  Liturgy 
be  printed  uniformly  with  the  hymns,  so  that  being  bound 
together,  they  may  alike  go  into  the  hands  of  all  the  peo- 
ple. From  that  time  on,  and  even  from  before  that  time, 
the  newly  awakened  and  ever-increasing  love  to  the  old 
distinctive  doctrine  and  life  of  the  Lutheran  Church  of  the 
Reformation  included  for  him  a  warm  and  enduring  interest 
in  the  restoral  of  her  ancient  order  of  worship,  and  he  made 
that  order  of  worship  the  subject  of  extended  study,  and 
gave  to  the  work  of  its  restoral  much  labor  for  many  years. 

The  delicate  and  cultivated  taste  of  Mr.  Krauth  in  Chris- 
tian iconography  were  exhibited  in  the  selection  and  de- 
scription of  the  design  for  a  seal  for  the  Synod  in  1851. 

lie  was  elected  as  Delegate  to  the  General  Synod  in 
1848  from  the  Synod  of  Maryland,  and  in  1850,  1853,  1855, 
from  the  Synod  of  Virginia. 

The  health  of  his  wife  began  to  yield  before  the  progress 
of  an  affection  of  the  lungs,  and  his  anxiety  to  preserve,  if 
possible,  the  precious  life  led  him  to  start  in  the  fall  of  1S5  2 
for  Santa  Cruz,  purposing  to  spend  the  winter  there.  The 
route  led  them  first  to  St.  Thomas,  where  his  journey  was 
unexpectedly  arrested.  Rev.  Mr.  Knox,  pastor  of  a  Dutch 
Reformed  Church  there,  was  called  home  to  New  York  by 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED   MINISTERS.  263 

a  death  in  his  family,  and  the  elders  besought  Mr.  Krauth 
to  minister  to  them  for  a  few  months;  he  accepted  and 
occupied  the  pastor's  house.  Those  winter  months  in 
that  semi-tropical  clime  to  so  fervent  a  lover  and  so  close 
an  observer  of  nature,  were  never  to  be  forgotten,  and  the 
Danish  Lutheran  Church  in  Santa  Cruz,  where  they  arrived 
in  February,  1853,  was  also  an  object  of  much  interest  in 
its  history,  its  worship,  and  its  song.  The  hope  of  relief 
for  Mrs.  Krauth  was  futile;  returning  in  the  spring,  she 
lingered  through  the  summer,  and  then  died  Nov.  18,  1853. 
They  were  detained  too  late  to  allow  Mr.  Krauth  to  be 
present  at  the  meeting  in  his  own  church  in  1853,  at  which 
the  Ministerium  of  Pennsylvania  was  received  again  into 
the  General  Synod.  In  May,  1855,  he  was  married  again, 
his  second  wife  being  Miss  Virginia  Baker,  daughter  of 
Jacob  Baker  of  Winchester,  her  mother  being  the  daughter 
of  the  venerated  father  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  the  Val- 
ley of  Virginia,  Christian  Streit.  Christian  Streit's  father 
was  one  of  Muhlenberg's  warmest  friends  on  the  Raritan 
in  New  Jersey,  and  came  over  to  Providence  to  be  married 
by  him.  His  son,  after  years  of  labor  at  Easton,  Charles- 
ton and  New  Hanover,  had  settled  at  Winchester,  founded 
and  built  up  churches  throughout  a  wide  district,  trained 
men  for  the  ministry,  established  with  Dr.  Hill  a  female 
seminary,  and  full  of  years,  of  labors,  and  of  esteem  from 
all,  he  went  to  rest.  His  daughter's  house  had  hospitably 
entertained  all  Lutheran  ministers  who  journeyed  past  or 
visited  Winchester.  It  was  the  daughter  of  this  hospitable 
house  who  became  Mr.  Krauth's  wife,  and  who  now  has  to 
endure  so  great  loss. 

We  may  have  dwelt  unduly  upon  the  years  of  Mr. 
Krauth's  ministry  in  Virginia;  but  they  were  years  of  spe- 
cial interest  in  his  personal,  intellectual  and  theological  life, 
and  are  much  less  well  known  to  you  all  than  the  later 
years. 


264  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

In  the  fall  of  1855  Mr.  Krauth  accepted  a  call  to  the 
English  Lutheran  Church  at  Pittsburg  as  successor  to  Rev. 
Dr.  Passavant;  he  was  installed  February,  1856,  and  re- 
mained until  October,  1859.  Of  his  ministry  there  we  have 
little  knowledge;  but  that  he  won  the  esteem  of  the  people 
and  did  well  his  work  is  conceded  by  all,  and  an  affectionate 
remembrance  of  him  still  abides.  He  was  received  into  the 
Pittsburg  Synod  in  1856.  There  had  been  published  in 
that  year  a  very  small  book,  entitled  "  Definite  Synodical 
Platform,"  which  made  a  very  large  disturbance.  It  pro- 
posed to  reject  and  did  actually  omit  certain  parts  from  the 
Augsburg  Confession,  and  proposed  this  mutilated  Confes- 
sion for  acceptance  by  Synods.  Against  this  platform  Dr. 
Krauth  presented  to  Synod  an  extended  written  testimony, 
which  was  approved  by  the  Synod.  In  this  year  the  Doc- 
torate of  Divinity  was  conferred  on  him  by  his  Alma  Mater. 
During  his  stay  at  Pittsburg  sundry  occasional  discourses 
were  published,  Tholuck's  Commentary  on  John  was  com- 
pleted, and  preparation  made  for  Fleming's  Vocabulary.  He 
was  also  a  delegate  to  the  General  Synod  in  1857  and  1859. 

In  October,  1859,  he  took  charge  of  the  pastorate  in  St. 
Mark's,  Philadelphia,  and  was  installed  March  22,  i860. 
The  congregation  was  then  in  connection  with  the  East 
Pennsylvania  Synod,  the  lines  between  the  differing 
views  were  becoming  more  closely  drawn,  and  the  position 
of  Dr.  Krauth  in  that  Synod  was  unnatural.  In  St.  Mark's 
itself,  though  his  views  were  full}'  known  when  he  was 
elected,  there  was  not  entire  harmony.  The  editorship  of 
the  Lutheran  and  Missionary  was  tendered  to  him,  and  he 
ik<1  the  care  of  St.  Mark's  in  the  fall  <)(  l86l. 
Tin-  Lutheran  and  Home  yournal  had  made  its  fust  ap- 
pearance July  6,  [860;  in  its  second  year  a  union  with  the 
Missionary  of  Dr.  Passavanl  was  effected,  ami  of  the  united 
Lutheran  and  Missionary   Dr.  Krauth  became  editor,  the 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED  MINISTERS.  26 


first  number  appearing  Oct.  31,  1861.  The  paper  during 
the  time  of  his  editorship  had  a  most  important  influence 
upon  the  course  of  events  in  the  church  during  those  years 
and  many  which  followed.  It  was  a  strong  tower  of  defence 
upon  the  ramparts  of  the  church.  The  editor's  pen  was 
as  mighty  as  the  sword  and  as  sharp,  and  fought  many  a 
battle.  It  was  a  two-edged  sword  for  attack  and  defence. 
It  was  unavoidable  and  needful  that  battles  should  be 
fought;  but  the  editorials  did  much  also  to  instruct;  they 
set  forth  the  faith  and  life,  the  services  and  work  of  our 
church  with  fulness  and  clearness,  and  enkindled  love  for 
our  church  in  her  members,  while  led  to  walk  about  Zion, 
and  go  round  about  her;  to  tell  the  towers  thereof,  to  mark 
well  her  bulwarks,  and  to  consider  her  palaces. 

When  the  Ministerium  determined  in  1864  to  establish 
the  Theological  Seminary  at  Philadelphia,  Dr.  Krauth  was 
by  the  unanimous  vote  of  the  Synod  elected  one  of  the 
Professors,  July  27.  He  was  chosen  by  the  Faculty  as  their 
representative  to  declare  the  views  and  purposes  with  which 
they  entered  on  their  work  and  the  theological  position 
occupied  by  the  Seminary.  It  was  on  the  4th  of  October, 
1864,  in  St.  John's  church,  when  as  yet  the  Seminary  had 
no  building,  and  his  utterance  was  clear  and  pure,  loyal 
and  true.  The  addresses  on  that  occasion  are  very  little 
known;  they  were  so  incorrectly  printed  that  Dr.  Krauth 
would  not  allow  them  to  be  issued.  Dr.  Krauth  was  not 
at  the  time  of  his  election  a  member  of  the  Ministerium  of 
Pennsylvania,  having  been  dismissed  to  it  by  the  Synod  of 
East  Pennsylvania,  Oct.  1,  1864. 

The  Theological  Professorship  was  probably  the  position 
above  all  others  for  which  Dr.  Krauth  was  adapted,  and 
which  he  was  qualified  to  adorn.  All  the  habits  and  stud- 
ies of  his  life  had  prepared  him  for  it,  and  all  his  acquire- 
ments were  to  be  made  useful  in  it.     And  of  all  branches 


266  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

of  science,  dogmatic  theology  and  the  history  of  doctrine 
was  the  one  with  which  he  was  pre-eminently  fitted  to 
grapple.  Could  the  whole  system  of  theology,  as  he  had 
proposed  and  exhibited  it  to  his  classes,  have  been  com- 
pletely wrought  out  by  his  own  hand,  it  would  have  been 
an  imperishable  monument  to  his  memory  and  of  immeas- 
urable benefit  to  the  ministry  of  this  and  after  times.  But 
though  that  may  not  be,  he  trained  in  the  truth  more  than 
two  hundred  men  who  have  gone  out  to  witness  for  Christ. 
In  his  personal  relation  to  the  students  there  was  such  un- 
affected singleness  of  heart  and  thought,  such  humility  of 
spirit,  such  gentleness  and  kindliness,  that  the  memory  of 
him  will  ever  be  precious  to  them.  Toward  his  fellow- 
professors  his  amenity,  courtesy  and  affection  were  such 
that  his  place  in  their  love  and  esteem  is  established  forever. 
In  the  history  of  the  General  Council,  both  in  its  estab- 
lishment and  during  the  whole  period  of  its  existence,  Dr. 
Krauth  had  a  very  prominent  part.  He  was  present  at  the 
separation  at  Fort  Wayne;  he  gave  to  the  whole  course  of 
the  delegates  and  of  the  Synod  hearty  support;  lie  was  a 
member  of  the  committee  which  prepared  the  appeal  for 
the  meeting  which  formed  the  General  Council.  While  he 
had  part  as  counsellor  in  these  preparatory  proceedings,  in 
the  determination  of  the  doctrinal  principles  and  in  setting 
them  forth  he  had  the  chief  part.  lie  wrote  the  Funda- 
mental Principles  of  Faith  and  Church  Polity  on  which  the 
Council  ever  since  has  rested.  It  may  well  be  said  that  no 
living  man  could  have  prepared  them  more  admirably. 
Surrounded  as  the  Council  has  been  from  the  beginning  by 
opposers  on  this  side  and  on  that,  though  they  have  con- 
tested  almost  every  other  recent  thetical  statement  of  doc- 
trine, n  »  Miii-  his  been  able  to  show  reasonable  ground  of 
objection  to  those  Fundamental  Principles.  And  if  there 
be  .ei)'  fundament  on  which  sincere  Lutherans  in    this   land 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED  MINISTERS.  267 

may  hereafter  stand  together,  it  is  on  these  principles.  Dr. 
Krauth  was  a  member  of  the  Committee  to  prepare  the 
Constitution  of  the  Council,  and  it  was  written  by  him. 
He  prepared  the  Constitution  for  Congregations,  and  it 
would  have  been  well  had  he  completed  that  for  Synods. 
The  extended  Theses  on  Pulpit  and  Atlar  Fellowship,  which 
have  long  occupied  the  attention  of  the  Council  were  of 
his  writing,  as  well  as  others  presented  to  this  Ministerium. 
The  common  consent  of  the  Council  for  ten  years  made 
him  its  President  and  his  eminent  ability  in  the  presenta- 
tion of  the  weighty  subjects  claiming  attention  was  very 
manifest.  Nowhere  else  has  his  loss  been  felt  more  irrep- 
arably than   upon  the  floor  of  the  Council. 

The  part  taken  by  Dr.  Krauth  in  the  preparation  of  the 
Church  Book  claims  attention.  When,  in  June,  1865,  Drs. 
Krauth  and  Seiss  were  received  into  the  Synod,  they  were 
added  to  the  committee.  At  that  time  the  committee  had 
been  at  work  for  ten  years  ;  they  had  prepared  the  Liturgy 
of  i860;  they  had  been  instructed  in  1862  to  consider  the 
question  of  preparing  a  collection  of  hymns,  and  in  1863 
proposed  and  were  instructed  to  prepare  what  in  its  result 
was  the  Church  Book,  and  its  contents  were  then  defined. 
In  1865  they  had  made  and  printed  the  provisional  collec- 
tion of  hymns  and  had  done  much  work  on  the  other  parts, 
but  there  remained  the  working  out,  arranging  and  final 
completion  of  all  the  changes  which  the  Liturgy  of  i860 
was  to  undergo,  and  the  careful  revision  of  the  collection  of 
hymns  and  of  the  text  of  each  hymn  In  all  this  work, 
from  1865  on,  Dr.  Krauth  took  an  active  and  prominent 
part  in  all  consultations  and  decisions  in  the  committee, 
and  his  elaborate  liturgical  studies  gave  his  views  great 
weight  both  in  committee  and  in  Synod.  His  suggestions 
and  proposals  made,  considered  and  adopted  in  the  com- 
mittee were  very  many ;  but  I  do  not  remember  that  any 


268  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

part  of  the  text  of  that  edition  was  wrought  out  and  pre- 
sented by  him,  except  the  versicles  and  a  few  collects.  In 
November,  1869,  the  General  Council  ordered  the  prepara- 
tion and  insertion  of  the  Introits  and  Collects  for  each  Sun- 
da}'  and  Festival  Day,  and  a  collection  of  Special  Collects. 
In  the  preparation  of  these,  Dr.  Krauth  had  a  very  promi- 
nent part.  The  Sunday  and  Festival  Collects  were  already 
determined,  and  only  the  translation  of  a  few  collects 
needed  revision  ;  but  a  large  number  cf  the  special  collects 
were  sought  out  and  translated  by  Dr.  Krauth.  But  in  all 
the  work  of  revision,  requiring  many  and  protracted  meet- 
ings, he  participated,  and  gave  much  time  and  labor  to  the 
work,  and  they  were  of  great  service  to  the  church. 

With  all  the  heavy  burdens  resting  on  him,  he  neverthe- 
less at  divers  times  in  Philadelphia  labored  as  pastor. 
When  Dr.  Seiss  was  absent  on  a  tour  in  Syria,  he  was  pas- 
tor of  St.  John's  for  eighteen  months  ;  and  again,  when 
Dr  Seiss  withdrew  to  take  his  present  charge.  In  1866 
he  had  care  of  St   Stephen's,  and  afterwards  of  St   Peter's. 

1  Ie  had  been  charged  by  the  Church  with  the  preparation 
of  a  Life  of  Luther.  It  was  thought  that  in  this  great  An- 
niversary year  English  literature  should  be  enriched  with  a 
Life  of  Luther  such  as  it  had  n  )t  yet  received.  The  eyes 
of  all  turned  at  once,  and  naturally,  to  Dr.  Krauth  as  the 
writer.  Through  his  whole  life  he  had  close!}'  studied  all 
the  scenes  and  all  the  actors  in  the  great  drama  of  the  Re- 
formation. 1  Ie  had  so  profound  an  understanding  of  the 
mind  and  life-work  of  the  Great  Reformer,  so  familiar  an 
acquaintance  with  his  writings,  and  SO  enthusiastic  an  ad- 
miration and  love  for  him;  and  he  himself  was  known  to 
11^  all  to  have  such  brilliant  gifts  of  thought,  description, 
grouping  and  portraiture,  that  we  allowed  ourselves  to  an- 
ticipate with  delight  a  result  which  would  do  high  honor  to 
the  writer,  to   our  American   Church,  and  to  the  great   sub- 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED    MINISTERS.  269 

ject  of  portraiture.  Kind  friends  insisted  on  sending  him 
to  view  the  scenes  of  Luther's  life,  that  he  might  behold 
and  describe  as  an  eye-witness.  And  he  entered  so  heartily 
on  the  work.  He  drew  with  delight  the  outlines  of  the 
life.  He  began  to  arrange  the  material  which  a  lifetime  had 
gathered.  He  thought  out  and  allotted  the  proportion  of 
parts.  He  even  began  to  write  out  detached  scenes  and 
parts, — and  then  the  pen  fell  from  his  hands. 

But  it  was  not  alone  within  the  Church  that  his  usefulness 
was  manifested.  He  occupied  a  position  of  dignity  and  in- 
fluence in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  that  venerable 
Institution  with  which  for  more  than  a  century  our  church 
has  been  so  closely  allied,  and  in  which  many  of  our  learned 
ministry  have  been  professors.  In  1866  he  was  made  a 
Trustee,  in  1868  Professor  of  Mental  and  Moral  Philosophy, 
in  1873  Vice-Provost  of  the  University,  and  in  1881  Pro- 
fessor of  History.  The  Faculties  of  the  University,  after 
his  death,  adopted  the  following  beautiful  tribute  to  his 
memory :  The  Faculties  of  Arts  and  Science  desire  to 
record  their  profound  sense  of  the  deep  loss  sustained  not 
only  by  the  University,  but  by  the  whole  republic  of  let- 
ters, in  the  sudden  and  lamentable  death  of  Dr.  Charles  P. 
Krauth.  During  fifteen  years  of  his  connection  with  the 
University  as  Professor  of  Moral  and  Mental  Philosophy, 
and  the  ten  years  of  his  Vice-Provostship,  we  have  grown 
in  our  appreciation  of  his  vast  erudition,  the  soundness  of 
his  judgment,  his  conscientious  attention  to  duty,  his  gen- 
tleness and  patience  in  his  intercourse  with  his  students  and 
his  associates,  and  his  Christian  consistency  and  humility. 
We  feel  that  his  loss  is  irreparable  to  our  University,  while 
we  rejoice  in  the  influence  he  has  exerted  over  so  many 
hundreds  of  our  graduates  in  the  direction  of  sound  learning 
and  high  principle. 

We  shall  cherish  as  a  precious  possession  the  memory  of 


270  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

his  faithfulness  and  his  thoroughness  in  his  work  as  a  teacher 
and  his  abounding  kindliness  in  all  social  and  official  rela- 
tions. We  extend  our  heartfelt  sympathy  to  his  family  in 
this  time  of  our  common  bereavement. 

William  Pepper,  Provost. 
John  J.  G.  McElroy,  Secy. 

April  27,  1857,  Rev.  Charles  P.  Krauth,  then  of  Pitts- 
burg, was  constituted  a  Life  Director  of  the  American 
Bible  Society  by  the  Pennsylvania  Bible  Society.  In  May, 
1 875,  he  was  made  a  member  of  the  Committee  on  Versions, 
the  meetings  of  which  he  usually  attended.  The  Annual 
Report  of  the  Society  for  1883  says  :  "  His  large  and  varied 
information  and  his  logical  habits  of  thought  enabled  him 
to  render  valuable  service,  and  his  loss  is  sincerely  mourned 
by  the  Board."  A  sketch  of  his  life,  prepared  by  Dr.  T.  W. 
Chambers,  was  entered  on  the  minutes  of  the  Committee 
and  published  in  the  Bible  Society  Record. 

May  21,  1862,  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  American 
ORIENTAL  S  >CIETY,  and  attended  for  the  first  time  a  meeting 
of  the  society  at  Princeton,  Oct.  15,  1862,  at  which  he  read 
a  paper. 

Oct.  21,  1864,  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  American 
Philosophical  Society.  In  January,  1870,  he  was  made  a 
member  of  the  Library  Committee  and  served  on  it  after- 
ward, 1874-1877  and  l88l.  The  society,  after  his  death, 
caused  a  memorial  address  to  be  read  by  Rev.  Dr.  F.  A. 
Muhlenberg,  which  has  been  published. 

At  the  formation  of  the  .American  Committee  on  the  Re- 
vision of  the  Old  Testament,  he  was  made  a  member,  and 
took  part  in  the  labors  on  that  important  work.  At  the 
meeting  of  the  committee,  Feb.  23,  1883,8  memorial  tribute 

adopted  and  placed  upon  record. 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED    MINISTERS.  27 1 

He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Historical 
Society. 

The  honorary  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  was  conferred 
on  him  by  Pennsylvania  College  in  Gettysburg  in  1856,  and 
that  of  Doctor  of  Laws  in  1874  by  the  same  institution. 

Dr.  Krauth  left  three  children  :  Harriet  Reynolds,  wife 
of  Rev.  Dr.  Adolph  Spaeth,  his  colleague  in  the  Faculty  of 
the  Seminary ;  Charles  Philip,  and  George  Edward. 

For  several  years  his  health  had  been  growing  more 
infirm.  In  1880,  in  order  to  the  restoral  of  strength,  he 
made  a  visit  to  Europe.  The  opportunity  to  visit  the 
scenes  of  Luther's  life  and  labors  he  hoped  to  improve  as  a 
preparation  for  the  intended  life  of  Luther.  But  the  un- 
avoidable exertion  of  the  journey  was  beyond  his  strength, 
and  he  returned  not  much  improved.  Gradually  he  failed. 
His  duties  at  the  University  were  heavier  than  before,  as, 
since  the  resignation  of  Provost  Stille,  he  was  Acting-Provost. 
He  was  scarcely  able  to  attend  to  duty  after  the  opening  of 
the  fall  term  in  1882.  He  was  relieved  of  all  labor  in  both 
Institutions,  but  it  was  of  no  avail.  January  2,  1883,  he  fell 
asleep  in  Christ.  On  Friday,  Jan.  5,  the  Trustees,  Faculty 
and  students  of  the  University  and  of  the  Seminary,  a  large 
body  of  clergy,  and  very  many  who  had  given  him  honor 
and  esteem,  assembled  at  St.  Johannes'  Church  for  the  sad 
funeral  rites.  Services  at  his  house  had  been  held  by  his 
Pastor,  Rev.  J.  K.  Plitt.  The  services  at  the  church  were 
conducted  by  Drs.  Sadtler,  Krotel,  and  Seiss,  and  Rev.  H. 
Grahn.  Addresses  were  made  by  Profs.  C.  W.  Schaeffer 
and  W.  J.  Mann,  and  the  last  look  was  taken  of  his  mortal 
body,  when  the  remains  were  entombed  at  Laurel  Hill 
where  the  burial  service  was  said  by  B.  M.  Schmucker. 
The  pall-bearers  were  two  Professors  and  two  Trustees  of 
the  University  and  four  Lutheran  laymen,  warm  personal 
friends  from  Pittsburg  and  Philadelphia. 


2/2  THE    LUTHERAN  CHURCH    REVIEW. 

In  closing  this  memorial,  I  select  from  the  many  tributes 
laid  on  his  grave  by  loving  and  reverent  hands,  a  few  gems  : 

In  his  address  at  the  burial,  Dr.  C.  W.  Schaeffer  says  : 
He  accepted  the  truth  of  the  Gospel  as  being  truly  grand, 
glorious,  marvelous,  wonderful, — as  being  the  revelation  of 
Him  whose  very  name  is  wonderful,  and  whose  province 
it  is  to  do  wondrous  things.  He  therefore  approached  it 
reverently,  and  handled  it,  not  with  the  manipulations  of  a 
wandering,  erratic  fancy,  but  with  the  docility  and  earnest- 
ness of  a  loving  and  believing  heart.  But  as  a  Dogmatician, 
using  the  word  in  its  best  sense,  and  as  a  legislator  of  the 
Church,  his  influence  in  her  schools  of  learning  and  her 
ecclesiastical  councils,  will  long  be  acknowledged  to  have 
been  that  of  a  bold,  wise,  safe  and  successful  leader. 

Dr.  W.  J.  Mann,  in  Lutheran,  Jan.  1 1  : 

It  was  impossible  to  know  Dr.  Krauth  without  being  at- 
tracted by  his  amiable  disposition,  by  the  sparks  of  his 
genius,  by  the  attic  salt  of  his  conversation,  by  the  compre- 
hensiveness of  his  literary  attainments,  and  by  the  earnest- 
ness of  his  moral  and  religious  principles  and  feelings. 
His  aversion  to  cant  and  to  all  shams,  especially  in  the 
sphere  of  the  church  and  religion,  was  decided,  and  his  crit- 
icisms most  cutting.  Ripe  in  honors,  but  not  full  o{  years, 
Dr.  Krauth  is  taken  from  us,  but  he  has  not  departed  with- 
out leaving  enduring  monuments. 

Dr.  G.  F.  Krotel,  in  Lutheran,  Jan.  I  I  : 

He  w.is  beyond  all  question  the  most  learned  and  distin- 
guished among  all  Lutheran  theologians  that  use  the  Eng- 
lish Language,  and  the  great  scholars  of  our  church  in  other 
parts  of  the  world  have  long  ago  ranked  him  among  the 
chief  scholars  of  the  great  church  of  theologians. 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED    MINISTERS.  273 

Dr.  Jos.  A.  Seiss,  in  Lutheran,  March  8 : 

That  for  which  the  church  will  ever  most  admire  and 
commend  our  lamented  brother,  was  his  supreme  devotion 
to  the  Gospel  of  Christ,  and  his  great  and  lasting  services 
in  behalf  of  the  faith,  history  and  cultus  of  our  own  Evan- 
gelical Lutheran  Church.  His  heart  and  home,  his  life 
and  highest  being,  were  ever  in  these.  He  knew  our  church 
and  he  loved  it.  He  understood  the  faith,  and  he  gave  his 
best  energies  to  its  exposition,  inculcation  and  defense  against 
all  assailants. 

Dr.  Conrad,  in  Lutheran  Observer,  Jan.  12: 

It  is  seldom  that  in  any  age  or  nation  a  man  appears  so 
richly  endowed  by  nature  and  by  culture  in  such  varied 
fields  of  learning  and  literature  as  the  late  Dr.  Krauth.  He 
was  born  an  intellectual  prince,  and  the  spell  of  genius 
marked  the  emanations  of  his  mind  and  career  from  child- 
hood to  the  grave.  Cordial,  genial,  magnetic  and  brilliant, 
he  often  won  his  way  to  hearts  that  were  closed  to  others, 
and  formed  personal  attachments  which  no  changes  of  time 
or  circumstances  could  break. 

Dr.  P.  S.  Davis,  German  Reformed  Messenger,  Jan.  10: 

The  place  Dr.  Krauth  has  long  occupied  as  a  refined  gen- 
tleman of  pre-eminent  literary  and  theological  attainments 
is  well  known.  As  a  preacher,  editor,  author  and  professor, 
his  abilities  have  been  universally  acknowledged.  His 
scholarship  was  very  beautiful,  and  there  was  a  rare  clear- 
ness and  almost  a  poetic  glow  in  everything  he  wrote  or 
said.  In  private  life  he  was  unostentatious  and  affable,  and 
as  a  conversationalist  he  was  one  of  the  most  engaging  men 
we  ever  met. 


274  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

Dr.  Philip  SchafT,  in  Tribute  of  Bible  Revision  Com- 
mittee : 

His  death  is  a  great  loss,  not  only  to  the  important  reli- 
gious body  of  which  he  was  such  a  shining  ornament,  but 
also  to  the  whole  Church  of  Christ  in  this  land,  and  to  the 
republic  of  letters.  Our  country  has  produced  few  men  who 
united  in  their  own  persons  so  many  of  the  excellences  which 
distinguish  the  scholar,  the  theologian,  the  exegete,  the  de- 
bater and  the  leader  of  his  brethren,  as  did  our  accomplished 
associate.  His  learning  did  not  smother  his  genius,  nor  did 
his  philosophical  attainments  impair  the  simplicity  of  his 
faith.  All  gifts  and  acquisitions  were  sedulously  made  sub- 
servient to  the  Gospel  of  Christ.  He  illustrated  his  teach- 
ings by  his  life,  and  has  left  behind  him  a  memory  precious 
and  fragrant,  not  only  to  his  own  large  communion,  but  to 
multitudes  beyond  its  pale. 

Beale  M.  Schmucker, 


PUBLICATIONS  OF  REV.  CHARLES    PORTERFIELD 
KRAUTH,  D.D.,  LL.D. 

1846.  Articles  in  the  Lutheran  Observer,  during  absence  in  Europe  of 

Dr.  B.  Kurtz,  from  April  10th  to  Sept.  nth,  1840. 

1847.  Article  on  "  Private  Communion,"  against  Dr.  B.  Kurtz.     Lu- 

theran Observer,  July  23rd,  1847. 
1847.    Benefits  of  the  Pastoral   Office:    Farewell  Discourse  on  leaving 

Second  English   Lutheran  Church,  Baltimore.      Baltimore 

8vo. 
1847  The   Person    of   Christ.     Translated    from    H.  Schmid's  Dog- 

matik.       Mercersburg    Review,     Vol.    I.  272.   May.     pp.     u. 
[849.  Chrysostom    considered   with    reference  to  Training   tor  the 

Pulpit.     Evangelical  Review,  I.  p.  84.    July.     pp.  20. 

1849.  Tin-    Relation  of  our  Confessions   to  the    Reformation,   and   the 

Importance  of  their  Study,  with  an  Outline  of  the  Early 
History  of  the  Augsburg  Confession.     Evangelical  Review  I., 

p.  234,  Oct    pp.  29. 

1850.  Harn   on    Feet   Washing.       Evangelical    Review    I,,    434,   Jan. 

pp.  4. 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED  MINISTERS.  2?5 

1850.  The  Articles  of  Torgau,  translated.     Evangelical  Review  II., 
78,  July.     pp.7.  . 

1850.  The  Transfiguration.  Evangelical  Review  II.,  237,  Oct.    pp.  29. 

Separately  printed. 

1 85 1.  Popular  Amusements  :  Discourse  delivered  at  Winchester,  Va., 

June  8,  1 85 1.     Winchester.     8vo.,  pp.  32. 

1852.  Dr.  Martin  Luther,  the  German  Reformer:    Review   of  Koenig 

and  Gelzer's  Luther.     Evangelical  Review  III.,  451,  April. 
pp.  41.     In  Conserv.  Reformat.,  with  additions,  p.  22-74. 
1852.  Works  of  Melancthon  ;    Bibliographical  Notice;    A  Review  of 
Corpus  Reformatorum.  Evangelical  Review  III.,  575.    pp.8. 

1852.  The  Bible  a  Perfect  Book :    Discourse  before   Bible  Society  of 

Pennsylvania  College  and  the  Theological  Seminary.  Evan- 
gelical Review  IV.,  no,  July  pp.  28.  Separately  printed. 
Gettysburg.     8vo.,  pp.  38. 

1853.  The   Church  as  set  forth   in  the  Confessions  of  Christendom  ; 

translated  from  Guericke's  Symbolik.  Evangelical  Review, 
V.,  17,    July.     pp.  18. 

1853.  The  Services  of  the  Church  of  the  Reformation,  on  the  Basis  of 

Alt's  Cultus ;  translated  with  additions.  Evangelical  Review 
V.,  151,  Oct.     pp.  39.     Separately  printed. 

1854.  The  Unity  of  the  Lutheran   Church  :   Sermon  for  Reformation 

Festival,  by  F.  V.  Reinhard  ;  translated.      Evangelical  Re- 
view V.,  352,  June.     pp.  13. 
1854.  The  Old  Church  on  the  Hill  :  At  the  Burning  of  the  old  Luther- 
an Church  at  Winchester,  Sept.  27  ;    with  an  original  ode. 
Winchester.     8vo.,  pp.  24. 

1856  to  i860.  Contributions    to    the    "Missionary,"    edited    by    Dr. 

Passavant. 
1856.  Tholuck's    Commentary   on   John:    Introduction;    translated. 
Evangelical  Review  VII.,  301,  Jan.     pp.  46. 

1856.  The  Former  Days  and  these   Days:  Thanksgiving  Discourse, 

Nov.  30.     Pittsburgh,  W   S.  Haven.     8vo.,  pp.  35. 

1857.  The  Lutheran  Church  and  the  Divine  Obligation  of  the  Lord's 

Day.  Evangelical  Review  VIII.,  354,  Jan.  pp.  44.  Sepa- 
rately printed. 

1857  History  of  Theological   Encyclopaedia  and  Methodology  in  the 

Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  from  the  middle  of  the  17th 
to  the  beginning  of  the  19th  Century.  Evan.  Rev.  IX., 
278,  Oct.  pp.  15. 

1857.  The  Altar  on   the  Threshing  Floor :    Thanksgiving   Discourse, 

Nov.     Pittsburgh,  W.  S.  Haven.     8vo.  pp.  35. 

1858.  Tholuck's  Commentary  on  John,   Chap  1  ;  translated.     Evan- 

gelical Review  IX.,  301,  Jan.     pp.  38. 
1858.  Select   Analytical    Bibliography   of  the  Augsburg  Confession. 
Evangelical  Review,    X.,    16,    July.      pp.    14.       Separately 
printed. 

1858,  Poverty :    Three    Essays  for  the   Season.      Pittsburgh,    W.    S. 

Haven.    8vo.,  pp.  48. 

1859.  Tholuck's    Commentary    on    the   Gospel  of  John;    translated. 

Philadelphia,  Smith,  English  &  Co.     8vo.,  pp.  440. 


2j6  THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCH  REVIEW. 

1859.  Introduction  to  Seeker's  The  Nonsuch  Professor.  Published 
by  Shryock,  Taylor  &  Smith,  of  Chambersburg. 

i860.  Christian  Liberty  in  Relation  to  the  Usages  of  the  Evangelical 
Lutheran  Church  Maintained  and  Defended  :  Two  Sermons 
at  St.  Mark's  Church,  Philadelphia,  Mar.  25.  Philadelphia, 
H.  B.  Ashmead.     8vo.,  pp.  72. 

i860.  Fleming's  Vocabulary  of  Philosophy  ;  Edited,  with  Introduc- 
tion, Chronology  brought  to  i860,  Bibliographical  Index, 
Synthetical  Tables,  and  other  additions.  Philadelphia; 
Smith,   English  &  Co.     i2mo.      pp.  xx.,  662. 

i860.  The  Evangelical  Mass  and  the  Romish  Mass.  Evangelical 
Review  XII.,  263,  Oct.  pp.  57.  Separately  printed.  Gettys- 
burg,    pp.  64. 

1 861.  Became  Editor  of  Lutheran  and  Misionary  Oct.  31.  Articles  on 
Bible  Revision  and  History  of  the  Authorized  Version,  Feb. 
6th  to  June  19th,  1862.  The  Ministry,  and  Church  Polity \ 
March  1st  and  15th,  June  7th,  1861  ;  July  16th,  23rd  and 
30th,  Aug.  20th,  Sept.  3rd,  1863.  Liturgies,  Oct  19th,  i860 
(May  29th,  1862);  June  5th,  June  26th,  Aug.  14th,  Sept.  4th 
and  25th,  Dec.  4th  and  nth,  1862;  Jan.  25th,  Feb.  22nd, 
March  8th,  Oct.  nth.  Nov.  15th  and  22nd,  1866;  Jan.  10th, 
Feb.  14th.  March  28th,  April  25th,  May  2nd,  Dec.  19th,  1867. 
Lutheranism  and  Calvinism.  Feb.,  1868.  (4  Art.)  Litur- 
gical Controversy  in  the  German  Reformed  Church,  Aug., 
'1869.  (3  Art.)  ' Pulpit  and  Altar  Fellowship.  Dec,  1875- 
June,  1876.     ( 14  Art.) 

-1863.  The  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  ;  her  glory,  perils,  defense, 
victory,  duty  and  perpetuity.  Reformation  Festival  Discourse 
a^.  St  John's,  Nov.  1.  Philadelphia.  Smith,  English  &  Co. 
8vo.  pp.  15. 

1864.  Address  at  Installation  in  Theological  Seminary  in  Philadel- 
phia, Oct.  4.  Ev.  Rev.  XVI.  434.  July  1865.  pp.  14.  Sep- 
arately printed. 

:i865.  The  Two  Pageants  :  On  the  death  of  Abraham  Lincoln.  Dis- 
COurse  in  Lutheran  Church,  Pittsburgh,  June  1.  W.  S.  Ha- 
ven.    8vo.  pp.  23. 

1866.  Baptism:  The  Doctrine  set  forth  in  the  Holy  Scriptures  and 
taught  in  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church.  Ev.  Rev.  XVII. 
309.  July.  pp.  60.  In  Conservative  Reformation,  p.  420  seq. 
518  seq. 

1866.  Call  for  the  Convention  which  formed  the  Genera]  Council. 
Aug.  10. 

1866.  Fundamental  Principles  of  Faith  and  Chinch  Polity  of  General 

mcil,   presented   at   Convention,    Reading,    Dec    12-14. 
Pro  ee  lings  p.  10-14. 

1867.  Shedd's  History  of  Christian  Doctrine,  with  special  reference  t<> 

its  statements  in  regard  to  the  Confessions  and   Doctrine  of 
the  Lutheran  Church.     (Lutheran  and  Miss.    Jan.  and  Feb., 
4.)     Ev.    R<v.   XVIII.    56.    Jan.   pp.  27.     In  Conserva- 
tive Reformation,  VIII.  p.  329-354. 
1S67.   The   Person  of  OUT  Lord   and   his    Sacramental  Presence.     The 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED  MINISTERS.  277 

Evangelical  Lutheran  and  Reformed  Doctrine  compared. 
Review  of  an  Article  by  Dr.  E  V.  Gerhart.  Ev.  Rev.  XVIII. 
395.    July.    pp.  42.     In    Conservative    Reformation,    X.    p. 

456-517-  . 

1867.  Jubilee  Service  :   An  Order  of  Divine  Service  for  the  Seventh 

Jubilee  of  the  Reformation.  Philadelphia :  J.  B.  Lippincott 
&  Co.     i2mo.  pp.  24. 

1868.  The  Augsburg  Confession,  translated,  with  Introduction,  Notes 

and  Index.  Philadelphia.  Tract  and  Book  Society  of  St. 
John's    Church.     April.     8vo.  pp.  1.  91. 

1869.  Luther  s  Translation  of  the  Holy  Scriptures  :    the  New   Testa- 

ment.     Mercersburg  Review,  Vol.  XVI.  180.      pp.  20. 
1869.   56  Theses  on  the  Ministerial  Office;   prepared   for  the  Minis- 

terium  of  Penna. 
1869.  The  Reformation  :  Its  Occasions  and  Causes.    Ev.  Rev.   XX. 

94.    Jan.    pp.  18.    In  Conserv.  Reform,  p.  1-2 1. 
1869.  The  Liturgical  Movement  in  the   Presbyterian  and  Reformed 

Churches.     Mercersburg  Review,  XVI.  599.     pp.  49. 

1869.  Reply  to  the  Pope's  Letter. 

1870.  A  Historic  Sketch  of  the  Thirty  Years'  War.    In  The  Iron  Age. 

Fatherland  Series.     Philadelphia.     Lutheran  Board  of  Pub- 
lication.    1870.  p.  169-236. 
1870.  The  New  Testament  Doctrine  of  the   Lord's  Supper,  as   con- 
fessed   by    the    Lutheran    Church.        Mercersburg    Review, 
XVII.  165.     pp.  72. 

1870.  Theses  on  Justification  for  the  General  Council. 

1 87 1.  Address  in   behalf  of  the    New    Lutheran  Church  (Broad    and 

Arch  Sts.)    pp.  8.    Lutheran  Bookstore. 

1872.  The  Conservative  Reformation  and  its  Theology.    Philadelphia. 

J.  B.  Lippincott  &  Co.    8vo.   pp.  xvii,  840. 
1872.  Franz  Delitzsch,  his  Life  and  Works.    In  A  Day  in  Capernaum. 
Philadelphia.     Lutheran  Board  of  Publication,  pp.18. 

1872.  Notes  in  Class — System  of  Descartes.     Penn  Monthly,  III. 

1873.  -An  Introduction  to  Luther's  95  Theses.   In  The  Great  Reforma- 

tion.    Lutheran  Book  Store,     pp.  30. 

1874.  Infant  Baptism  and  Infant  Salvation  in  the  Calvinistic  System. 

A  Review  of  Dr.  Hodge's  Systematic  Theology.  Philadel- 
phia. Lutheran  Book  Store.  8vo.  pp.  83.  In  Mercersburg 
Review.      Vol.  XXI.  99.     pp.  61. 

1874.  Caesar  and  God.  .  Luth.  and  Miss.,  Nov-  26,  1874.  Printed 
separately  the  same  year.       Lutheran  Book  Store. 

1874.  Report  on  the  Bucknell  library,  Phila.,  1874.  pp.  6. 

1874.  Ulrici's  Review  of  Strauss'  Life  of  Christ.     Introduction. 

1874.  The  Strength  and  Weakness  of  Idealism.  In  proceedings  of 
Evangelical  Alliance,  New  York,  p.  293 — 301.  And  in  Pro- 
legomena to  Berkeley's  Principles. 

1874.  Berkeley's  Principles.  Prolegomena,  notes  of  Ueberweg  and 
original  annotations.  Phila.  Smith,  English  &  Co.  8vo. 
pp.  424. 

1876.  Constitution  for  Evangelical  Lutheran  Congregation,  submit- 
ted to  the  General  Council. 


2?8  THE  LUTHERAN    CHURCH  REVIEW. 

1877.  Theses  on  Pulpit  and  Altar  Fellowship,  prepared  by   order   of 

the  Gen.  Council.     8vo.  pp.  32. 
1877.  Religion  and  Religionisms.     Sermon  before  the  Gen.   Council, 

Phila.  Oct.   10.  8vo.  pp.  52. 

1877.  The  Relations  of  the    Lutheran  Church  to  the  Denominations 

around  us.  Read  at  1st  Free  Lutheran  Diet,  Dec.  27.  Phila. 
J.  F.  Smith,  8vo.  pp.  27 — 69.  Printed  separately,  pp.  43, 
1878. 

1878.  A  Chronicle  of  the  Augsburg  Confession.     Luth.  Monographs  I. 

Phila.  J.   F.  Smith,  8vo.  pp.  92. 

1878.  Vocabulary    of  the    Philosophical  Sciences,  Second  edition  of 

Fleming.     New  York.     Sheldon  &  Co.     pp.  109  additional. 

1879.  The  Authorized  Version  and  English  Versions  on  which  it  is 

based.    Anglo-American  Bible  Revision.    New  York.  p.  22— 

36. 

1879  Congratulatory  Address  at  the  Inauguration    of  Pres.   Dreher, 

Roanoke  College.  Salem,  Ya.     pp.  7. 

1880.  Introduction  to  "  Doom  Fternal  "  by   Rev.  J.  B.  Reimensnyder, 

Phila.  Nelson  S.  Quiney.  pp.  6. 

1880  Remarks    at    the    Funeral  of  Dr.    C.   F.   SchacfTer.      Schaeffer 

Memorial,  Phila.  8vo.  p.  10-12. 

1881.  Address  of  Welcome  at  the  Inauguration  of  Provost  W.  Pepper, 

University  of  Penna.    Feb.  22.  pp.    12. 

1881.  Cosmos,  in  the  Rhymes  of  a  Summer  Holiday  Journey.     Phila. 

i6mo.  pp.  24. 

1882.  The  Pulpit   and   the  Age.      Lutheran  Church   Review,  Vol.    I. 

10.    January,     pp.  6. 
1882.    The   Sermon:    Its    Material  and   its  Text.     Lutheran    Church 
Review,  Vol.  I.  81.    April,     pp.  19. 

Contributions  to  Fncyclopedias.     Of  Johnson's  he  was  \  ~ 

ciate  Ediior,  and  the  following  articles  have  his  signature  :  Bud- 
daeus ;  Cause;  Communicatio  Idiomatum  ;  Concomitance,  Sacra- 
mental; Concord,  Book  of;  Concord,  Formula  of;  Conditional, 
Philosophy  of  the  ;  Faith;  Faith,  Confessions  of ;  Faith,  Rule  of; 
Fall  of  Man;  Fathers  of  the  Chinch;  Figure,  Grammatical  and 
Rhetorical;  Final  Causes;  Flacius ;  Foreknowledge;  Foreordina- 
tion  ;  Francke,  A.  H. ;  Free-will;  Fundamentals;  Heresy;  Hierar- 
chy; Inquisition;  Jacobs,  M.;  Karnak ;  Knox,  John;  Lord's  Da)  ; 
Lutheran  Church ;  Lutheran  Church  in  the  U.S.;  Manetho;  Men- 
nonites ;  Metaphysics;  Monophysites ;  Monothelites ;  Mysticism; 
Nestorians;  Pantheism.  Sec  Index,  Vol.  1\\,  p.  xiii. 
The  article  in  McClintock  &  Strong's  Encyclopedia,  though  his 

initials  ate  atta<  hed,  was  not  written  by  him,  hut  by  one  of  the  Colla- 
borate :urs  on  tin-  basis  of  material  furnished  by  Dr.  Kiauth,  and  he 
u.is  annoyed  that  it  was  ac<  redited  to  him. 

He  also  furnished  Articles  on   Luther  or  the  Lutheran  Church  to 
Appleton's  Cyclopedia  and  Potter's  Bible  Encyclopedia. 

Introdik  riOKS.-    He  furnished  the  Introduction  to  Dr.  Seiss'  Psalms 
and  Canticles,  Prof.  Jacobs'  Sketch  ol  the  Battle  ol  Gettysburg,  1864, 


MEMORIALS  OF  DECEASED  MINISTERS. 


2/9 


Brown's    Self-Interpreting    Bible,     1865.     Illustrirte    Heilige    Schrift. 
The  Father's  Story  of  Charlie  Ross,  1876. 

TRANSLATIONS  OF  HYMNS— POEMS. 

Dies  Irse,   in    Luth.  and  Miss.      Feb.  11,  1864. 
Puer  Natus,  in  Sunday  School  Book,  No.  70. 
Ein  Feste  Burg,  in  Jubilee  Service,   No.   19. 
Det  Kimer  nu  til  Julefest.     S.  S.  Book.    No.  71. 
To  the  Hands  of  the  Lord  Jesus  :    after  St.    Bernard   and 
Paul    Gerhardt,  prepared   for  Wildenhahn's  Paul  Gerhardt, 
1880. 

A  number  of  original  poems  appeared  at  different  times  in  different 
papers  from  1842,  in  the  "Annual"  (Baltimore)  to  1882  in  the 
"  Workman  "  (Pittsburg).  Among  them  :  A  Tribute  (to  the  memory 
of  his  first  wife.)  Winchester  Republican,  Dec.  30,  1853.  The  Spring 
Evening,  Linnean  Journal,  Dec,  1847.  The  Birth  of  Eve,  Mission- 
ary July,  1859.  Apostles'  Creed,  1864.  Luth.  and  Miss.  Class  Song 
(University  of  Pennsylvania,)  1869.  Anonymous.  The  Palm  1879. 
The  Poor  Saint.  1st  Sunday  after  Trinity.  The  Cloud  of  Wit- 
nesses. 2  Kings  6:  16.  The  Dread  Answer.  Psalm  106:  15.  The 
Lamb's  Bride — The  Church  Triumphant.  The  City  of  God.  The 
Land   of  Light.     Fervent  Prayer.     The  Orange  Tree. 


VI. 

RECENT  PUBLICATIONS. 


I.  INTRODUCTION. 

A  RELIGIOUS  ENCYCLOPAEDIA;  or  Dictionary  of  Biblical,  Historical,  Doctrinal 
and  Practical  Theology.  Based  on  the  Real-Encyklopadie  of  Herzog,  Plitt 
and  Hauck.  Edited  by  Philip  Schaff,  D.D.,  LI.. I).'  Associate  Editors':  Rev. 
Samuel  M.  Jackson,  M.A.,  and  Rev.  D.  S.  Schaff.  Vol.11.  New  York: 
Funk  &  Wagnafts.    56.00. 

In  our  last  number  we  spoke  kindly  but  frankly  of  Vol.  I.  A  number 
of  the  exceptionable  features  there  noted  do  not  apply  to  this  volume, 
which  we  regard  as  in  every  way  an  improvement.  The  articles  of 
special  importance  to  Lutherans  are  on  Luther  by  Kostlin  ;  Lutheran 
Church  in  Europe,  by  the  Editor  ;  Lutheran  Church  in  America,  by  Dr. 
E.  J.  Wolf,  in  which  an  earnest  effort  is  made  to  present  an  impartial 
view  of  our  divergencies;  H.  M.  Muhlenberg,  with  his  three  sons,  J. 
Peter  G.,  F.  A.,  and  H.  E.,  by  Dr.  Mann  ;  and  C.  Philip  Krauth. 
The  article  on  Jesus  Christ  is  by  Zockler;  on  Inspiration,  by  Cremer; 
on  Mercersburg  Theology,  by  Dr.  E.  V.  Gerhart,  and  on  New  Eng- 
land Theology,  by  Dr.  Park.  The  encyclopaedic  learning  and  prac- 
tical ability  of  Dr.  Schaff  are  manifest  on  every  page. 

Again  we  must  remind  the  editor  that  the  Compend  of  Theology 
by    flutter,  translated  and  published  in    Philadelphia,  first  in 
and  in  several  editions  since,  is  not  Hase's  Ifuttcrus  ReditfivMSx  but 
the   original    Compendium    Locorum    Theologicorum  (1609)    of  Dr. 
Leonard  Mutter  himself.  II.  E.  J. 

i\l   DISCUSSIONS   IN  THEOLOGY.     By  Professors  Boardman.  I 
Scott,  of  Chicago  Theological  Seminary.    Volume  I.    [ntroductory.     CI 

1  .  11.  Rcvell,  148  and  150  Madison  St.     1883.     i2ino.,  pp.  217.    Price  $1.00. 

This  is  the  first  of  a  series  of  volumes  intended  to  present  a  con- 
densed summary  of  the  most  recent  discussions  in  the  various  de- 
partments of  theology,  "in  a  popular,  yet  accurate  way."  Zdckler's 
Hand-Book  and  Punger's  Report  of  Theological  Literature  have 
used  .1^  models,  and  have  furnished  much  of  the  material. 
The  theories  recorded  are  sharply,  but  briefly  stated,  with  but  little 
argumentation.  The  spirit  of  the  book  is  prevailingly  objective,  al- 
ii '.lie  weaknesses  <>l   the  opponents  of  the  orthodox   standpoint 

.ire  often  marked  by  way  of  a  passing  suggestion     To  the  minister 
wishes  to  keep  abreast  of  the  tunes,  and  l>e  well  informed  con- 
cerning <  urrent  religious  thought,  this  is  the  most  convenient  aid  in 
our  Language,  oi  winch  we  have  any  knowledge.     Its  content-,  are: 
Part   First:    Exegetical   Theology.     1.  Relations  of  Science  to  the 
Biblical  Record,     11    Critical  Prerequisites  for  Old    Testament   Exe- 
III.,  IV.,  V.  old  Testament  Introduction.     VI.  Old  Testa- 
280 


